If the value begins with a slash, it is used as the directory for the Unix-domain socket. Specifies the host name of the machine on which the server is running. This is equivalent to \pset fieldsep or \f. Use separator as the field separator for unaligned output. On the other hand, the variant using the shell's input redirection is (in theory) guaranteed to yield exactly the same output you would have received had you entered everything by hand. There is also a slight chance that using this option will reduce the start-up overhead. In general, both will do what you expect, but using -f enables some nice features such as error messages with line numbers. Using this option is subtly different from writing psql < filename. Note however that Readline is not used in this case (much as if -n had been specified). This can be used to intersperse interactive input with input from files. If filename is - (hyphen), then standard input is read until an EOF indication or \q meta-command. Except for that, this option is largely equivalent to the meta-command \i. When either -c or -f is specified, psql does not read commands from standard input instead it terminates after processing all the -c and -f options in sequence. This option can be repeated and combined in any order with the -c option. Read commands from the file filename, rather than standard input. This is equivalent to setting the variable ECHO_HIDDEN to on. You can use this to study psql's internal operations. EĮcho the actual queries generated by \d and other backslash commands.
This is equivalent to setting the variable ECHO to queries. eĬopy all SQL commands sent to the server to standard output as well. If so, connection string parameters will override any conflicting command line options. This is equivalent to specifying dbname as the first non-option argument on the command line. Specifies the name of the database to connect to. It's better to use repeated -c commands or feed multiple commands to psql's standard input, either using echo as illustrated above, or via a shell here-document, for example: psql <
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